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Exercise training enhances in vivo tuberculosis purified protein derivative response in the elderly

¹Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, Tokyo, ²Research Team for Promoting Independence of the Elderly, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Gerontology, Tokyo, ³Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, ⁴Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sendai, and ⁵Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Forensic Medicine, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Sendai, Japan

Submitted 30 September 2007 ; accepted in final form 25 March 2008

We investigated the effect of 25 wk of exercise training on in vivo immune measures that depend on T helper 1 (Th1) and T helper 2 (Th2) immune responses in the elderly as a substudy of a randomized controlled trial to investigate health benefits of regular exercise training for the elderly. Sixty-five healthy elderly volunteers were randomly assigned to either an exercise training group (n = 32) or a sedentary control group (n = 33). The area of skin reaction to purified protein derivative (PPD) of tuberculin that depends on Th1 activation and the concentrations of serum IgG subclasses and IgE were evaluated before and after 25-wk intervention. All participants completed 25 wk of training. Thirty-one participants of the exercise group and all control group underwent immunological analyses, but only 30 from the exercise group and 21 from the control group had the PPD skin reaction assessment. Repeated-measures ANOVA revealed a significant interaction between time and exercise intervention, which appeared as an enhanced skin reaction to tuberculin PPD (P < 0.05) and a reduced serum IgG4 concentration, the production of which depends on Th2-dependent class switching (P < 0.05), in the exercise group after 25 wk. No immune variables changed in the control group. These result supports the hypothesis that exercise training favors in vivo Th1 immune response in elderly persons.

delayed-type hypersensitivity; T helper 1 cells; immunoglobulin G4