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J Appl Physiol 92: 1383-1392, 2002. First published November 9, 2001; doi:10.1152/japplphysiol.00884.2001
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Vol. 92, Issue 4, 1383-1392, April 2002

Activation of human plantar flexor muscles increases after electromyostimulation training

Nicola A. Maffiuletti, Manuela Pensini, and Alain Martin

Groupe Analyse du Mouvement, Unité de Formation et de Recherche Sciences et Techniques des Activités Physiques et Sportives, Faculté des Sciences du Sport, Université de Bourgogne, BP 27877-21078 Dijon Cedex, France

Neuromuscular adaptations of the plantar flexor muscles were assessed before and subsequent to short-term electromyostimulation (EMS) training. Eight subjects underwent 16 sessions of isometric EMS training over 4 wk. Surface electromyographic (EMG) activity and torque obtained under maximal voluntary and electrically evoked contractions were analyzed to distinguish neural adaptations from contractile changes. After training, plantar flexor voluntary torque significantly increased under isometric conditions at the training angle (+8.1%, P < 0.05) and at the two eccentric velocities considered (+10.8 and +13.1%, P < 0.05). Torque gains were accompanied by higher normalized soleus EMG activity and, in the case of eccentric contractions, also by higher gastrocnemii EMG (P < 0.05). There was an 11.9% significant increase in both plantar flexor maximal voluntary activation (P < 0.01) and postactivation potentiation (P < 0.05), whereas contractile properties did not change after training. In the absence of a change in the control group, it was concluded that an increase in neural activation likely mediates the voluntary torque gains observed after short-term EMS training.

electromyogram; maximal voluntary activation; twitch contractile properties; tetanus; M wave


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